Search results for "ISM [radio lines]"

showing 10 items of 1018 documents

Association of Cesarean Delivery With Risk of Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

2019

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the association between birth by cesarean delivery and risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in the offspring compared with birth by vaginal delivery.

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentOffspringAutism Spectrum DisorderSensitivity and SpecificityYoung AdultPregnancyRisk FactorsmedicineElective Cesarean DeliveryAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansPsychiatryChildreproductive and urinary physiologyOriginal InvestigationPsychiatrybusiness.industryVaginal deliveryCesarean SectionMental DisordersResearchGeneral MedicineOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseDelivery ObstetricEating disordersObservational Studies as TopicOnline OnlyAutism spectrum disorderAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityNeurodevelopmental DisordersCase-Control StudiesChild PreschoolFemalebusinessCohort studyJAMA network open
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Improvement of phonemic fluency following leftward prism adaptation.

2021

AbstractAnatomo functional studies of prism adaptation (PA) have been shown to modulate a brain frontal-parieto-temporal network, increasing activation of this network in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the side of prism deviation. This effect raises the hypothesis that left prism adaptation, modulating frontal areas of the left hemisphere, could modify subjects’ performance on linguistic tasks that map on those areas. To test this hypothesis, 51 healthy subjects participated in experiments in which leftward or rightward prism adaptation were applied before the execution of a phonemic fluency task, i.e., a task with strict left hemispheric lateralization onto frontal areas. Results showed tha…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresScienceAudiology050105 experimental psychologyLateralization of brain functionFunctional LateralityArticle03 medical and health sciencesFluency0302 clinical medicinemedicinePrism adaptation (PA) phonological neurologicalHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAttentionFunctional studiesLanguageMultidisciplinaryLanguage abilitySettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaQ05 social sciencesRHealthy subjectsBrainAdaptation PhysiologicalCognitive controlVisual PerceptionMedicineFemalePrismPsychologyPrism adaptation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychomotor PerformanceScientific reports
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Almatourism - Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development. Issue: Advances in Tourism Analysis Vol 5, No 9 (2014)

2014

Advances in Tourism Analysis
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Imagination in human social cognition, autism, and psychotic-affective conditions

2016

Abstract Complex human social cognition has evolved in concert with risks for psychiatric disorders. Recently, autism and psychotic-affective conditions (mainly schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression) have been posited as psychological ‘opposites’ with regard to social-cognitive phenotypes. Imagination, considered as ‘forming new ideas, mental images, or concepts’, represents a central facet of human social evolution and cognition. Previous studies have documented reduced imagination in autism, and increased imagination in association with psychotic-affective conditions, yet these sets of findings have yet to be considered together, or evaluated in the context of the diametric mode…

Affective Disorders PsychoticMaleAutism-spectrum quotientLinguistics and LanguageCognitive NeuroscienceautismExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyContext (language use)050105 experimental psychologyLanguage and LinguisticsDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesCognition0302 clinical medicineSocial cognitionmental disordersDevelopmental and Educational PsychologymedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSociological imaginationAutistic DisorderSocial Behaviorta515creativityDefault mode network05 social sciencesCognitionmedicine.diseaseschizophreniaSchizophreniapolygenic risk scoreta1181AutismFemalePsychologyimaginationautism spectrum quotient030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychologyCognition
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The effect of agglomeration economies and geography on the survival of accommodation businesses in Sicily

2021

The study explores the geographical pattern of the accommodation industry in the Italian insular region of Sicily, focusing on the determinants of the risk of market exit. We adopt a standard framework of business survival analysis where agglomeration economies play an important role. We then extend the analysis by considering the role of geography to explore whether the risk of market exit depends on nearness to desirable amenities. The geography is here measured by the distance from the coast and the altitude of the place where the firm is located. When we look at the entire population of accommodation firms that started between 2010 and 2014, we find evidence that the risk of failure inc…

Agglomeration economieSpatial methodsGeography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyspatial method0502 economics and businessEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)geographical locationEconomic geography050207 economicsLocationaccommodation busineSicilyinsular regionsfirm survival; geographical location; insular regions; tourism industryfirm survivalbusiness.industryEconomies of agglomeration05 social sciencesFrame (networking)021107 urban & regional planningGeographytourism industrysurvival analysiStatistics Probability and UncertaintybusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceAccommodationTourism
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Systemic administration of D-penicillamine prevents the locomotor activation after intra-VTA ethanol administration in rats.

2010

Although recently published studies seem to confirm the important role displayed by acetaldehyde (ACH), the main metabolite of ethanol, in the behavioral effects of ethanol, the origin of ACH is still a matter of debate. While some authors confer more importance to the central (brain metabolism) origin of ACH, others indicate that the hepatic origin could be more relevant. In this study we have addressed this topic using an experimental approach that combines local microinjections of ethanol into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) (which guarantees the brain origin of the ACH) to induce motor activation in rats together with systemic administration (i.p.) of several doses (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 …

AgonistLocomotor activityMalemedicine.drug_classMetaboliteCentral nervous systemAcetaldehydePharmacologyMotor Activitychemistry.chemical_compoundAlcohol-Induced Disorders Nervous SystemmedicineAnimalsRats WistarReceptorEthanolGeneral NeurosciencePenicillamineD-PenicillaminePenicillamineVentral Tegmental AreaCentral Nervous System DepressantsRatsVentral tegmental areaDAMGOBrain metabolism of ethanolDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistrySystemic administrationVTAmedicine.drugNeuroscience letters
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Die nächste Generation „atypischer” Antipsychotika: Der Beitrag der Positronenemissionstomographie

2003

Almost fifteen years of research with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) have led to a profound understanding of the relationships between antipsychotic doses and plasma levels on the one hand and occupancy of (striatal) D 2 -like dopamine receptors on the other hand as well as with the associated clinical effects and side effects. Furthermore, with the development of clinically atypical" antipsychotics PET studies helped to generate hypotheses regarding the essential pharmacological properties of this heterogeneous class of drugs. Possible mechanisms of action include combined D 2 -/5-HT 2 antagonism, preferential mesolimbic binding, a…

Agonistmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentSingle-photon emission computed tomographyPsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologyNeurologyMechanism of actionPositron emission tomographyDopamine receptorIn vivoInternal medicinemedicineAripiprazoleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomPsychologyAntipsychoticmedicine.drugFortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
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Manejo de la hiperglucemia con fármacos no insulínicos en pacientes adultos con diabetes tipo 2

2019

Resumen: El adecuado tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) incluye la alimentación saludable y el ejercicio (150 min/semana) como pilares básicos. Para el tratamiento farmacológico, la metformina es el fármaco de elección inicial, salvo contraindicación o intolerancia; en caso de mal control, se dispone de 8 familias terapéuticas (6 orales y 2 inyectables) como posibles combinaciones. Se presenta un algoritmo y unas recomendaciones para el tratamiento de la DM2. En prevención secundaria cardiovascular se recomienda asociar un inhibidor del cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (iSGLT2) o un agonista del receptor de glucagon-like peptide-1 (arGLP1) en pacientes con obesidad. En pre…

Agonistmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_class030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyOverweight:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Diabetic Diet [Medical Subject Headings]GastroenterologyDiabetes tipo 2:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFármacos antidiabéticos:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Hyperglycemia [Medical Subject Headings]Internal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineGliclazide030212 general & internal medicineHiperglucemiaContraindicationlcsh:R5-920business.industryAntidiabetic drugs:Diseases::Endocrine System Diseases::Diabetes Mellitus::Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 [Medical Subject Headings]nutritional and metabolic diseases:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology Social::Life Style [Medical Subject Headings]Type 2 diabetesGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSulfonylureaObesityHumanos:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]MetforminHyperglycemia:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Hypoglycemic Agents [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.symptomlcsh:Medicine (General)Family Practicebusinessmedicine.drug
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2021

The cell—cell signaling gene CDH13 is associated with a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, and major depression. CDH13 regulates axonal outgrowth and synapse formation, substantiating its relevance for neurodevelopmental processes. Several studies support the influence of CDH13 on personality traits, behavior, and executive functions. However, evidence for functional effects of common gene variation in the CDH13 gene in humans is sparse. Therefore, we tested for association of a functional intronic CDH13 SNP rs2199430 with ADHD in a sample of 998 adult patients and 884 healthy controls. The Big Five personality tra…

Agreeableness0303 health sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyWorking memoryGenome-wide association studyAudiologymedicine.diseaseExecutive functions03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAutism spectrum disorderGeneticsmedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderAutismBig Five personality traits10. No inequalityPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGenetics (clinical)030304 developmental biologyGenes
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Synthesis of polyfluoroalkyl sp2-iminosugar glycolipids and evaluation of their immunomodulatory properties towards anti-tumor, anti-leishmanial and …

2019

Immunomodulatory glycolipids, among which α-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) is an iconic example, have shown strong therapeutic potential in a variety of conditions ranging from cancer and infection to autoimmune or neurodegenerative diseases. A main difficulty for those channels is that they often provoke a cytokine storm comprising both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators that antagonize each other and negatively affect the immune response. The synthesis of analogues with narrower cytokine secretion-inducing capabilities is hampered by the intrinsic difficulty at controlling the stereochemical outcome in glycosidation reactions, particularly if targeting the α-anomer, which seriously hamper…

Allosteric regulationIminosugar01 natural sciencesImmunomodulation03 medical and health sciencesGlycolipidGlycomimeticDrug DiscoverymedicineLeishmaniasisp38α MAPKCancer030304 developmental biologyInflammationPharmacology0303 health sciences010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryAutophosphorylationBiological activityGeneral Medicinemedicine.disease0104 chemical sciencessp2-Iminosugar glycolipidsBiochemistryMechanism of actionPolyfluoroalkyl compoundsmedicine.symptomCytokine stormEuropean Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
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